Anatomical manikin-head.



F. D. WEISSE.

ANATOMICAL MANIKIN HEAD. APPLICATION FIL ED OCT. I912.

' I} ZSHEETS-SHEETI COLUMBIA PLANOGRAI'H co.,WAsHlNnTON. D. c.

Patented Jan. 4, 1916.

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ANATOMICAL MANIKIN HEAD. I

APPLICATION FILED 00121.19".

1,166,796. Patented Jan.4, 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEE'T 2.

'UNHED mritsv e.

FANEUIL n. WEISSE, on NEW YORK, N. Y.-, Assronon To DENTAL MANIKIN HEAD 00.,

and, A oonronnrron on NEW YORK? 7 I ANATYOMICAL MANIKIN-HEAD.

for dental purposes known heretofore only a' few features of natural imitation were represented which afforded a limited field of instruction, it is intended by'my invention to furnish a manikin head adjustable to dental fixtures in natural position for the operations of an operator, presenting for him the teeth and, all parts surrounding the teeth and jaws namely, the tongue, cheek, lips, and the face in general in natural position for operations, the manikin head'as- 'suming the relations of the patients head to the headrest of the dental chair. and enabling the operator tov perform all operations on the teeth as he does upon the human head in the headirest of a dental chair and also reproducingat the dental bench the chair relation of the patients head to the head rest of the dental chair.

The experience of dental institutions in the instruction of students in the actual practice of operative and prosthetic den tistry is that a sufficient number of patients formouth operations and prosthetic appliances are not available for all students to obtain the necessary mouth experience to qualify them for all the emergencies of practice.

' The hereafter described manikin head adjusted to dental fixtures affords the facilities of giving a student chances to practice all:

, Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 4, 1916.

Application filed October 1, 1912. Serial No. 723,276.

a side view with parts in section of an anatomical manikin head adjusted to a rest which'is connected toa dental laboratory bench; the mouth of thehead'is closed. Fig. 2 1s aside view with parts'in section of an anatomical manikin head adjusted to a dental chair; the mouth 10f the head is opened. Fig.3 is a lateral View of an anatomical-manikinhead' adjusted to a head rest of a dental chair. Fig. iis a front view of an anatomicalmanikin head,the mouth opened. Fig. 5 represents the articulator of the upper and lower jaws. Fig. 6 is the v ew of the under surface of theupper jaw plate, it is a'metalliccasing, representing the maxillary bone without an alveolar process. Fig. '1 is the view of the upper border of the lower jaw, it is a metallic casing, rep resenting the lower maxillary bone with an alveolar process attached. the holes indicatlngthe toothsockets. Fig. 8 is a lateral view of an upper and lower jaw with alveolar process and teeth attached. Fig. 9 shows how the jaws are adjusted to the ar ticulator forming part of the anatomical manikin head when fastened to the same. Fig. 1O is a lateralview with diagrammatical indication of the internal parts of the head, the jaws closed. Fig. 11 is a lateral view'ind'icating the relation of the internal parts of the head'with jaws open.

I am aware that manikin heads and skull articulators were used heretofore for dental purposes. Such heads were made of heavy metals and either not removable from their base, ornot adjustable to dental fixtures in a natural position that is occupied by a patients he'ad'in a dental chair, and were expensive. and useless for many operations. I know also that a jaw holder isin existence which I v can'be clamped to the back of an ordinary sitting chair. The dental manikins in existence do not inte'rfere'with my invention as theyare not' adjustable in the described way to dental fixtures and besides do not Skull articulators are unhandy afford the proper position of the jaws and their movements in an anatomicalway. I

My invention provides the attachment of an anatomical manikin head'to the dental fixtures on which the dentist works, i. e. the laboratory bench and the dental operators chair by. means of'a'bracket.

The parts cooperating'with the mechanism 'ofgthermanikin' head are fastened a base, D, which is made of light material as wood or aluminum. The hollow skull, covers the top of the base; it is made of metal preferably aluminum and rests an teriorly over the end of the face mask, F, which is made of flexible material of which rubber is most preferable. The face mask is fastened to the anterior top surface of the base, D, covers the lower anterior and lateral parts of the head, has a mouth opening, O, permitting access to the teeth, tongue and roof of the mouth and extends over both the upper and lower jaws as shown in Fig. 1.

An articulator composed of frames, U and K, for holding upper and lower jaws is fastened by the upper frame, U, on both sides of the base. The articulator frames are provided posteriorly with an angular recess, Fig. 5, N, anteriorlv with a horizontally directed set screw, W. The lower articulator frame, Fig. 10, K, movably hinged to the hinge pivots, H, carries an extension, E, made of wood or other light material and is covered by the face mask, F. The double ended spring, G, having an upper end. G,,

and a lower end. G,,, is fastened in sagittal (before-backward) direction to the base, I), in such manner that its upper end, G situated within the skull cavity over a broad perforation. X. of the base may hold the lower jaw closed against the upper by means of the bar, T, which connects the spring end, G,, with the lower articulator part, as seen in Fig. 10, while the lower and posterior spring end, G Ina v hold the lower jaw opened by pressing the posterior extension, E, of the lower jaw toward the base, D, the hinge pivots, H, on both sides being a fulcrum.

It must be' understood that the combined action of the spring ends G, and G will hold the lower jaw closed against the upper only at the time when [the operator has forced the end, E, of the lower jaw from the position shown in Fig. 11 into that shown in Fig. 10. For this purpose the operator standing on the right side of the head moves with the left'handthe spring end G backward, the posterior end, E. of the lower jaw downward and the anterior part of the lower jaw upward. The spring end G, pulling upward holds the jaw closed and if the spring end G, now is allowed to press forward against the extreme end of the lower jaw extension, E, it will aid in holding the jaw closed as shown in Fig. 10. At another time the lower jaw will be held open when an operator moves the spring end Gr from the position of Fig. 10 back Ward, the end, E, of the lower jaw upward and the anterior part of the lower jaw downward, thereafter allows the spring end Gr by pressing forward'to slide under the bottom surface of the end, E.

In order to allow for an exchange of the alveolar process (bone and gums lodging teeth) and to present it in natural elasticity 1 construct the parts of the jaws of different materials. This 'is shown in Figs. 6 8. The basal part, P, of the jaws, representing the compact maxillary bones, is made of hard material for example metal, preferably aluminum. The part, Y, covered by the gum in the neighborhood of the teeth known as the alveolar process is made of a slightly elastic material such as rubber; any other flexible material may be used for the part representing the alveolar process and gum. A solid basal part of metal is of great advantage, as an alveolar process with teeth or one without teeth can be attached to the body of this part. The basal part remains for all cases the same, fitting in a very accurate Way to the articulator trays. The basal part-P, has posteriorly angular projecting ends, N on either side engaging the angular recesses, N, of the articulator trays. An anterior point of engagement is given in the groove, V, met by the point of the set-screw, WV.

The articulator is hinged in a slot in which a pivot slides as is usual in anatomical articulators. The slots, I, (Fig. 11) are in the ascending parts of the lower articulator halve, the hinge pivots, H, (Fig. 11) are on the upper articulator halve. The teeth made of tin or any other suitable material are glued or riveted in their sockets. A fiexibletongue, L, is fastened to one of the head parts; as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing it is attached to the extension, E, of-the lower jaw tray, it is centrally perforated for the passage of the bar, T, connecting the spring, G, with the lower jaw tray.

Having now fully described my invention I claim:

1. In a manikin head of the class described the combination of a skull plate, ahead base, artificial jaws, a movable tongue, and a face mask; said mask made of flexible material'being attached to the head base and lower aw and having a mouth opening; said tongue made of flexible material and connected with one of the jaws; said head base covere'd'by said skull plate and said face mask.

2. In a manikin head of the class described the combination of a skull plate, a head'base, artificial jaws, a movable tongue, and a face mask; said mask made of flexible material being attached to the head base and lower jaw and having a mouth opening; said head base consisting of light material and said skull consisting of aluminum; said jaws consisting of a metallic casing representing the maxillary bones to which an artificialalveolar process with gums is fastened.

3.111 a manikin head of the class de scribed the combination of a skull plate, a base, an articulator, an upper jaw, a lower jaw, and a tongue; said skull plate helmet like covering the top of the base; said base carrying on top a double ended spring within the skull cavity for locking the jaws and balancing the lower jaw; said articulator consisting of an upper tray and a lower tray provided with receding undercuts in the posterior ends and a horizontally directed set screw in the anterior end for the adjustment of the exchangeable jaw bone parts which lodge teeth, the upper tray firmly attached to the base, the lower tray hinged to the upper in an anatomical manner allowing up and down, forward and lateral movements of the lower jaw, the movements controlled by the locking ends of the spring which is attached to the top of the Copies of this patent may be obtained for five centsieach, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

base in sagittal (before-backward) direction; said jaws secured in the articulator trays by means of the undercut in the posterior part and the horizontally directed set screw in the anterior part of the articulator trays, said lower jaw tray having a posterior extension to meet the engaging posterior end of the lock spring which is fastened upon the base, the central part of the lower jaw tray connected with the anterior end of the lock spring by a connecting bar; said tongue fastened to the posterior extension of the lower jaw tray substantially as described and shown.

September 30th, 1912. ,FANEUIL D. WEISSE. Witnesses:

HEINRICH ScHwErrznR, WM. H. KRUsE.

Washington, D. C. 

